We verify a model for state-of-the-art 250 nm heterojunction bipolar transistors with large-signal measurements. We demonstrate the propagation of correlated measurement uncertainties through the model-extraction and verification process, and use them to
Calibration of Time-interleaved Errors in Real-time Digital Oscilloscopes
A novel method is proposed for the calibration of channel mismatch in a time-interleaved real- time digital oscilloscope (RTDO). A simple simultaneous equation is derived from the Fourier transform of the time-interleaved signals requiring only a transfer
An Improved Method of Physical Interaction and Signal Flow Modeling for Systems Engineering
Many engineering disciplines that interact with systems engineering use simulation tools to build models based on equations, which are solved to predict physical and informational behavior over time. Both kinds of engineering are concerned with physical
Defeating Buffer Overflow: One of the Most Trivial and Dangerous Bugs of All!
The C programming language was invented over 40 years ago. It is infamous for buffer overflows. We have learned a lot about computer science, language design, and software engineering since then. As it is unlikely that we will stop using C any time soon
Limiting The Impact of Stealthy Attacks on Industrial Control Systems
While attacks on information systems have for most practical purposes binary outcomes information was manipulated/eavesdropped, or not), attacks manipulating the sensor or control signals of Industrial Control Systems (ICS) can be tuned by the attacker to
Caring: An Undiscovered Super "Ility" of Smart Healthcare
As new and exciting applications emerge using smart technologies, the Internet of Things, data analytics, and others for healthcare, a critical problem is emerging: the potential loss of "caring." The interplay of technology and caring has been discussed
Secure and usable enterprise authentication: Lessons from the Field
There are now more than 5.4 million Personal Identity Verification (PIV) and Common Access Card (CAC) identity cards deployed to US government employees and contractors. These cards are widely used to gain physical access to federal facilities, but their
This bulletin summarizes the information presented in NIST SP 800-177: Trustworthy Email. This publication gives recommendations and guidelines for enhancing trust in email. This guideline applies to federal IT systems and will also be useful for any small
The Algebra of Systems and System Interactions with an application to Smart Grid
Systems are integrations of devices or component elements and even other systems. The notion of a system comprehends engineered and biological or mechanical or physical systems. Examples include information and dynamical systems as well as integrations of
The Bugs Framework (BF): A Structured Approach to Express Bugs
To achieve higher levels of assurance for digital systems, we need to answer questions such as, does this software have bugs of these critical classes? Do these two tools generally find the same set of bugs, or different, complimentary sets? Can we
Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation: The CMAC Mode for Authentication
This Recommendation specifies a message authentication code (MAC) algorithm based on a symmetric key block cipher. This block cipher-based MAC algorithm, called CMAC, may be used to provide assurance of the authenticity and, hence, the integrity of binary
Cyber threat information is any information that can help an organization identify, assess, monitor, and respond to cyber threats. Cyber threat information includes indicators of compromise; tactics, techniques, and procedures used by threat actors
A Comparison of Attribute Based Access Control (ABAC) Standards for Data Service Applications: Extensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) and Next Generation Access Control (NGAC)